Comparison of SOLID Propellant Vs LIQUID Propellant

Comparison of SOLID Propellant Vs LIQUID Propellant 




PROPELLANT
HTPB
(SOLID)
UDMH-N2O4
(Liquid)
LOX- P1
( Semi Cryogenic)
LOX- LH2
(Cryogenic)
Density
1.80
1.15
1.05
0.35
Theoretical ISP Vacuum
310 s
340 s
360 s
460 s
Density x ISP
558s
391 s
378 s
161 s
VOLUME RATIO
REF.
X 1.5
X 1.5
X 3

ADVANTAGES OF SOLID ROCKET MOTORS (SRMs)


ADVANTAGES OF SOLID ROCKET MOTORS (SRMs)
  1. Low cost 
  2. Longer shelf life
  3. Simplicity of system
  4. High reliability
  5. Predetermined thrust level
  6. High thrust for initial lift off

Current Solid Rocket Motors around the world




 
Current Solid Rocket Motors around the world

SPACE SHUTTLE       —    SOLID ROCKET BOOSTER / RSRM

TITAN 4B                   —    SRMU  
 
ATLAS V                    —    SRB 

DELTA IV                   —    GEM 60 

ARIANE 5                   —    P230 

H II A                          —    SRB-A 

PSLV / GSLV               —    S139 & S9 

LVM3                          —    S200 

SMALL LAUNCHERS —    ATHENA, TAURUS, PEGASUS, M5 & VEGA





Boosters Solid Motor




Solid Rocket Motors and its clasification


 
Classification of Solid Motors

Solid rocket motors are classified into four categories. They are
1.   Boosters
        Used as the first stage of a launch vehicle (Rocket). It provides the required upward thrust to enable the lift of the rocket. It also provides the sufficient thrust to overcome the fiction from the lower atmosphere during it flight.  
2.   Upper stages
Upper stage solid motors are used in any other stage other than first stage. It can be second, third or fourth stage based on the vehicle configuration. It operates above the lower atmospheric region.  So the thrust produced by upper stage motors are less compared to booster solid motors. Since it is an upper stage motor, its inert weight should be maintained as small as possible.
3.   Strapons
 It provides the required upward thrust to enable the lift of the rocket along with the booster.
4.   Special motors -The special Motors are further classified as
    •   Igniters
    •   Separation rockets
    •   Ullage motors
    •   Sounding rockets
    •   Missiles
    •   Spin / de-spin motors

  

Early Indian Satellites


Early Indian Satellites 

Aryabhata is the first Indian made satellite launched into LEO on April 19, 1975 by a USSR rocket. It was used for conducting experiment in space in the area of X-ray astronomy, solar physics etc. The main objective of the satellite was to give experience in the design, development and fabrication and operation of the satellite system. 

 Aryabhata 


This was followed by Bhaskara I & II satellite which were also launched from Russian rockets. This carried 2 TV cameras, one in visible and other in near infrared band to carry out scientific experiments. 
This was followed by the development of a geo-synchronous satellite, APPLE (Ariane Passenger Payload Experiment) which was launched on June 19, 1981 by Ariane launch vehicle. APPLE was a geo-synchronous communication satellite. 
With the development of the Indian launch vehicles SLV-3, ASLV, Rohini series satellite were also developed for carrying out scientific experiments in LEO. 




SROSS Satellite 
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